Requirements - Technology Choices - T03 - Vendor Lock-in

An appraisal should be made of any vendor lock considerations and associated risks, and these are understood and accepted/mitigated.

Requirement description

This requirement is concerned with understanding and managing the risks associated with vendor lock-in.

Many technologies, products and cloud services introduce varying degrees of dependency on a supplier. Such dependencies are not automatically a problem, but they should be consciously assessed. Teams should understand the consequences of becoming dependent on a supplier's technology, commercial model, skills ecosystem, data formats, APIs or hosting platform.

Where vendor lock-in risks exist, they should either be mitigated or consciously accepted through appropriate governance and decision-making processes.

In simple terms:
Teams should know where supplier dependency exists, understand the risks it creates and have a clear rationale for either accepting or reducing those risks.

Scoring rubric table – T03 Vendor Lock-In Assessment

Score What it looks like Typical evidence Key gaps / risks
0 No evidence that vendor lock-in has been considered as part of technology selection or architecture design. No supplier dependency assessment.
No technology risk analysis.
No documented architecture rationale.
Significant service risk. Technology choices may create unmanaged dependencies and future cost, migration or operational challenges.
1 Limited awareness of vendor lock-in risks. Dependencies may be acknowledged informally but are not assessed or documented. Informal discussions.
Undocumented assumptions.
Supplier recommendations accepted without challenge.
High-risk gaps. Technology decisions could create long-term constraints that are poorly understood.
2 Some assessment of supplier dependency exists, but analysis is incomplete, inconsistent or lacks evidence. Partial options appraisal.
Basic supplier assessment.
Limited discussion of migration or exit considerations.
Some architecture rationale.
Significant notable gaps. Important lock-in risks may not be fully understood, quantified or managed.
3 Much of the vendor lock-in position is understood. Significant dependencies have been identified and key risks have been documented. Technology options assessment.
Architecture Decision Records.
Vendor risk analysis.
Documented rationale for technology selection.
Some mitigation planning.
Notable gaps remain. Exit strategies, migration approaches or formal risk acceptance may not be fully defined.
4 Most vendor lock-in risks have been assessed and either mitigated or formally accepted through governance processes. Comprehensive supplier dependency assessment.
Documented mitigation plans.
Governance review of lock-in risks.
Exit or migration considerations.
Cost and operational impact analysis.
Minor gaps only. Remaining dependencies are understood and present limited risk.
5 Comprehensive and exemplar management of vendor lock-in considerations. Dependencies are actively governed and influence architecture and investment decisions. Formal lock-in assessment methodology.
Comprehensive technology and supplier evaluations.
Documented exit strategies.
Regular review of supplier dependency risks.
Governance-supported acceptance or mitigation decisions.
Evidence that lock-in considerations actively influence solution design and procurement decisions.
Minimal or no significant gaps. Supplier dependencies are transparent, strategically managed and regularly reviewed.

What assessors should look for

  1. Identification of dependencies – Has the team identified where supplier-specific technologies, services or platforms are being used?
  2. Risk understanding – Are commercial, technical, operational and migration risks documented and understood?
  3. Options analysis – Were alternative products, technologies or architectures considered?
  4. Mitigation measures – Have actions been defined to reduce unnecessary lock-in where appropriate?
  5. Risk acceptance – Where lock-in is considered acceptable, is this documented and supported by governance?
  6. Future flexibility – Has the team considered future migration, portability, interoperability or replacement scenarios?

What separates a 3 from a 4 or 5

A score of 3 generally means that supplier dependencies have been recognised and documented, but mitigation plans, exit considerations or governance approval may be incomplete.

A score of 4 requires a structured assessment of lock-in risks, documented mitigation or acceptance decisions and evidence that supplier dependency has been considered during architecture and technology selection.

A score of 5 requires vendor lock-in management to be an established part of architecture governance and technology decision-making. The organisation can demonstrate that dependency risks are routinely assessed, reviewed and used to influence long-term architecture strategy.

Suggested evidence examples (not SAF-mandated artefacts)

  • Technology options appraisals
  • Architecture Decision Records (ADRs)
  • Vendor dependency assessments
  • Supplier risk assessments
  • Commercial and procurement evaluations
  • Migration or exit strategy documentation
  • Architecture review outputs
  • Technology governance records
  • Solution Design Overview documents
  • Risk registers containing vendor lock-in risks

Updated: 04 September 2026 (SAF Version 1.1)